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Patagonia Today

Vidas de película, pero reales – FASINPAT

Sorry, this entry is only available in Español.

Son las de los obreros de la ex fábrica de cerámicas Zanón que desde hace 6 años la autogestionan bajo el régimen de cooperativa. La originalidad del modo de organización sedujo a varios realizadores audiovisuales que llegaron a la ciudad de Neuquén, donde se encuentra la planta, para documentar las actividades de los trabajadores y los relatos de sus luchas.

Trabajadores de Fasinpat votando en asambleaLa horizontalidad de las relaciones de trabajo implica que no se reconozcan jerarquías, que las decisiones se sometan a la voluntad de la asamblea y que las ganancias se repartan equitativamente entre todos los miembros.

Fábrica Sin Patrón (Fasinpat) es el nombre de este proyecto que surgió luego de un conflicto con la patronal, el cual tras cometer recurrentes atropellos contra el personal obrero como incumplimiento de salarios, despidos injustificados e indiferencia en torno a la prevención de accidentes, decidió declarar la quiebra de la fábrica y dejar en la calle a los trabajadores.

Tras la muerte por paro cardiorrespiratorio de David Ferrás, de 20 años, en junio del 2001, la crisis se agravó. Se generalizaron las huelgas, piquetes, marchas y actos, y con Obreros en lucha por la apropiación de la planta Zanón y la defensa de la cooperativa Fasinpatellos, las suspensiones y los despidos. Los obreros se organizaron y a comienzos del 2002 tomaron el control de la planta, luego del cierre de la fábrica. Desde entonces se crearon 230 puestos de trabajo, lo cual prácticamente dobla la cantidad de trabajadores que había bajo la administración del empresario italiano Luigi Zanon, amigo de Carlos Menem y de otras personalidades vinculadas a las mafias políticas y empresarias de la dictadura y de los 90´ como Jorge Videla, Domingo Cavallo, Franco Macri y Amalita Fortabat, entre otros.

Hasta el momento, FASINPAT ha resistido cinco intentos de desalojo, sumado a las reiteradas amenazas de muerte que reciben algunos de sus dirigentes. También ha Obreros de Zanón resistiendo a intento de desalojoobtenido dos prórrogas por parte de la justicia (que ha reconocido la eficiencia productiva, y la labor social y comunitaria de la cooperativa) para evitar el remate de las instalaciones y accesorios de la planta, fin perseguido por Zanon y sus acreedores.

La cooperativa está fuertemente arraigada a la comunidad, realiza donaciones y obras comunitarias. El nivel de rentabilidad, si bien no está sujeto a los apremios de productividad del capitalismo (lo cual autoriza relaciones y tiempos más humanos de trabajo al interior de la fábrica) es altamente satisfactorio e incluso se ha abierto un mercado de exportaciones de baldosas a Chile. Pero en función de la inestabilidad jurídica que acorrala el porvenir de FASINPAT, la solución que la mayoría de los miembros anhela conseguir por la vía judicial es la expropiación y estatización de la fábrica, A pesar de ser una gestión comunitaria, la fábrica Zanón sigue generando gananciaspero administrada con autonomía por los propios obreros. Se hicieron dos presentaciones de este proyecto a la Justicia pero hasta ahora ésta no se ha expedido al respecto de manera positiva. A favor de los obreros de Zanón, es que cuentan con el apoyo incondicional de todo el movimiento social y trabajador de la Argentina.

La experiencia atípica de asociación de los obreros de la ex fábrica Zanón y sus resultados exitosos en lo económico y social generó bastante repercusión mediática, al punto que se convirtió en un caso que interesó profundamente a observadores internacionales y cineastas locales. Llegaron a Neuquén delegaciones cinematográficas y periodísticas de Bulgaria, Estados Unidos, Francia, Italia, España. Una de las producciones más importantes es la película Fasinpat dirigida por el italiano Daniele Incalcaterra, que aborda el conflicto y la lucha que sostienen los obreros contados por los propios protagonistas.

Corazón de fábrica es la película de Ardito y Molina acerca de la experiencia colectivista de los trabajadores de la ex ZanónQuizás la obra más ambiciosa desde un punto de vista crítico sea Corazón de Fábrica, dirigida por los prometedores directores Ernesto Ardito y Virma Molina, quienes ya dirigieron Raymundo, sobre la vida del cineasta revolucionario Raymundo Gleyzer. En esta oportunidad, decidieron dar testimonio del desafío que involucra llevar adelante la gestión colectiva de la fábrica frente a los obstáculos políticos, empresariales, sindicales y jurídicos que se presentan. Además, piensan las reivindicaciones obreras en el marco de las condiciones sociales, históricas y políticas de la Argentina de los últimos 30 años.La película fue exhibida recientemente en el BAFICI (Buenos Aires Festival Internacional de Cine Independiente).

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